{"id":4058,"date":"2011-08-22T21:34:29","date_gmt":"2011-08-22T21:34:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pistillinn.is\/?p=4058"},"modified":"2017-09-08T14:40:22","modified_gmt":"2017-09-08T14:40:22","slug":"erfdafraedi-kynthattahatara","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.norn.is\/pistlar\/erfdafraedi-kynthattahatara\/","title":{"rendered":"Erf\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttahatara"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Skilgreining kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttahatara \u00e1 hv\u00edta kynstofninum og \u00feeim einkennum sem ber a\u00f0 vernda<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ef \u00e9g skil kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttahatara r\u00e9tt, vilja \u00feeir halda stofninum \u00ed eins upprunalegu formi og m\u00f6gulegt er. N\u00fa telja margir v\u00edsindamenn (gott ef ekki yfirgn\u00e6fandi meirihluti) a\u00f0 hv\u00edti kynstofninn hafi \u00fer\u00f3ast fr\u00e1 sv\u00f6rtu f\u00f3lki, \u00feannig a\u00f0 ef \u00e6tlunin v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 komast n\u00e6r upprunanum v\u00e6ri v\u00e6ntanlega gott a\u00f0 hv\u00edtir \u00e6xlu\u00f0ust me\u00f0 sv\u00f6rtum. \u00c9g vir\u00f0ist \u00fe\u00f3 eitthva\u00f0 hafa misskili\u00f0 \u00feessa uppruna\u00e1st \u00feeirra. Mj\u00f6lnir \u00fatsk\u00fdrir:<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&#8222;\u00de\u00fa g\u00e6tir sagt a\u00f0 hundar \u00feurfi a\u00f0 blandast \u00faflum &#8222;bara til \u00feess a\u00f0 komast n\u00e6r uppruna s\u00ednum&#8220;, e\u00f0a a\u00f0 bonapo simpansar \u00feurfi a\u00f0 blandast eldri simpansategundum, \u00edsbirnir a\u00f0 blandast sk\u00f3garbj\u00f6rnum, allt til \u00feess a\u00f0 komanst n\u00e6r uppruna s\u00ednum. L\u00edf \u00fer\u00f3ast \u00e1fram og sn\u00edst l\u00edffr\u00e6\u00f0ileg \u00fer\u00f3un ekki um uppruna heldur \u00e1framhald og a\u00f0l\u00f6gun.&#8220;<\/p>\n<p>J\u00e1 \u00e9g h\u00e9lt einmitt a\u00f0 kynstofninn v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3ast me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 blandast \u00f6\u00f0rum en \u00feetta sn\u00fdst v\u00edst heldur ekki um \u00fer\u00f3un \u00fev\u00ed hann segir einnig a\u00f0 kyn\u00fe\u00e6ttir (og reyndar einnig menning) \u00fer\u00f3ist ekki vi\u00f0 bl\u00f6ndun heldur \u00ed einangrun. \u00dea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri vo\u00f0a gott ef v\u00e6ri h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 f\u00e1 einhvern botn \u00ed \u00feetta.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00fa g\u00e6ti einhver haldi\u00f0 a\u00f0 til a\u00f0 geta vernda\u00f0 kynstofn, \u00fe\u00e1 \u00feurfi menn fyrst a\u00f0 vera samm\u00e1la um \u00fea\u00f0 hvernig kynstofninn skuli skilgreindur. \u00dear sem lj\u00f3st er a\u00f0 enginn &#8222;\u00f3menga\u00f0ur&#8220; hv\u00edtur stofn er til, \u00fe\u00e1 \u00fearf v\u00e6ntanlega a\u00f0 setja einhver vi\u00f0mi\u00f0 um \u00fea\u00f0 hversu mikinn skyldleika vi\u00f0 \u00f3\u00e6\u00f0ri stofna vi\u00f0 \u00feolum, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 bl\u00f6ndun kyn\u00fe\u00e1tta flokkist sem \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0armor\u00f0. Ekki stendur \u00e1 sv\u00f6rum; vi\u00f0 bara sj\u00e1um \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00fatliti f\u00f3lks. E\u00f0a eins og Mj\u00f6lnir segir:<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;\u00der\u00e1tt fyrir \u00fe\u00e1 sta\u00f0reynd a\u00f0 allir geta kl\u00e1rlega \u00feekkt \u00ed sj\u00f3n hver tilheyrir hva\u00f0a kynstofni, \u00fe\u00e1 vir\u00f0ist \u00fe\u00fa vera a\u00f0 heimta a\u00f0 skilgreiningin \u00e1 kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttum s\u00e9 ekki n\u00f3gu &#8222;sk\u00fdr&#8220; vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 sm\u00e1v\u00e6gileg bl\u00f6ndun hefur or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1 milli \u00feeirra. &#8220;<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9g b\u00ed\u00f0 enn eftir svari um \u00fea\u00f0 hvort\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/media.baby.dk\/images\/StoredImages\/12\/123751.jpg\">litla, hv\u00edta svertingjastelpan<\/a>\u00a0\u00e1 myndinni flokkist sem &#8222;sk\u00edtaskinn&#8220; og hvort \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a s\u00e9 til a\u00f0 hindra a\u00f0 h\u00fan flytji til \u00cdslands vegna h\u00e6ttunnar \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00fan mengi hinn hreina stofn.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hugmyndir kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttahatara um \u00feau einkenni stofnins sem \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a er til a\u00f0 vernda<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Enda \u00fe\u00f3tt kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttahatarar s\u00e9u fr\u00e1hverfir kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttabl\u00f6ndun, gildir \u00fe\u00f3 anna\u00f0 um \u00fdmis \u00fatlitseinkenni sem eru a\u00f0 mestu bundin vi\u00f0 hv\u00edta menn. Ekki \u00feykir s\u00e9rst\u00f6k \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 takmarka umgengni hv\u00edtra manna s\u00edn \u00e1 milli enda \u00fe\u00f3tt sumar erf\u00f0aeigindir s\u00e9u v\u00edkjandi, heldur vir\u00f0ist \u00feetta sn\u00faast um a\u00f0 halda bl\u00f3\u00f0inu hreinu, fremur en a\u00f0 vi\u00f0halda \u00fatlitseinkennum svosem rau\u00f0u h\u00e1ri og bl\u00e1um augum. Eins og Mj\u00f6lnir bendir \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 eru \u00feetta einkenni INNAN stofnins. Ennfremur segir hann:<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Rautt h\u00e1r er \u00ed fyrsta lagi genagalli sem eitt gen orsakar, \u00fea\u00f0 eru hinsvegar mj\u00f6g m\u00f6rg gen sem a\u00f0 gera upp kyn\u00fe\u00e1tt. Hv\u00edtir eru s\u00ed\u00f0an s\u00e9r stofnsabrig\u00f0i af homo sapiens, rau\u00f0h\u00e6r\u00f0ir eru ekki stofn \u00fear sem rautt h\u00e1r getur hoppa\u00f0 \u00e1 milli kynsl\u00f3\u00f0a. Svipger\u00f0ir bl\u00f6kkmans geta \u00f3m\u00f6gulega \u00fer\u00f3ast innan hv\u00edta kynstofnis, sama me\u00f0 bl\u00f6kkumenn, \u00feessvegna eru hv\u00edtir of svartir sitthvort afbrig\u00f0i. \u00de\u00fa fattar \u00feetta\u00f0 ekki en\u00fe\u00e1 er \u00fea\u00f0 nokku\u00f0?&#8220;<\/p>\n<p>Nei, \u00e9g ver\u00f0 a\u00f0 j\u00e1ta a\u00f0 \u00e9g skil \u00feetta ekki enn\u00fe\u00e1 en \u00e9g er \u00f6ll af vilja ger\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00e6ra. Fer \u00fev\u00ed fram \u00e1 a\u00f0 kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttahatarar sk\u00fdri betur fyrir m\u00e9r \u00feessa n\u00fdst\u00e1rlegu erf\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i. Gott v\u00e6ri t.d. a\u00f0 f\u00e1 svar vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hva\u00f0a \u00fatlitseinkenni n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega \u00feeir vilja vernda.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Skilgreining kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttahatara \u00e1 hv\u00edta kynstofninum og \u00feeim einkennum sem ber a\u00f0 vernda Ef \u00e9g skil kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttahatara r\u00e9tt, vilja \u00feeir halda stofninum \u00ed eins upprunalegu formi og m\u00f6gulegt er. N\u00fa telja margir v\u00edsindamenn (gott ef ekki yfirgn\u00e6fandi meirihluti) a\u00f0 hv\u00edti kynstofninn &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.norn.is\/pistlar\/erfdafraedi-kynthattahatara\/\">Halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 lesa <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[11,1],"tags":[555],"class_list":["post-4058","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mannrettindi","category-pistlar","tag-kynthattahyggja"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Erf\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttahatara - Pistlar Evu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.norn.is\/pistlar\/erfdafraedi-kynthattahatara\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"is_IS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Erf\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttahatara - Pistlar Evu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Skilgreining kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttahatara \u00e1 hv\u00edta kynstofninum og \u00feeim einkennum sem ber a\u00f0 vernda Ef \u00e9g skil kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttahatara r\u00e9tt, vilja \u00feeir halda stofninum \u00ed eins upprunalegu formi og m\u00f6gulegt er. 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