{"id":300,"date":"2014-06-24T23:58:32","date_gmt":"2014-06-24T23:58:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.norn.is\/kyndillinn\/?p=300"},"modified":"2017-09-12T10:30:48","modified_gmt":"2017-09-12T10:30:48","slug":"kynjafraedi-i-grunnskolum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.norn.is\/kyndillinn\/kynjafraedi-i-grunnskolum\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00e6ri r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 kenna kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed grunnsk\u00f3lum?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"fornarlambaskolinn-688x451\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00deessi grein birtist \u00ed t\u00edmaritinu\u00a0\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0m\u00e1lum<\/em>\u00a0sem kom \u00fat n\u00fana \u00ed j\u00fan\u00ed.<\/p>\n

S\u00fa sko\u00f0un vir\u00f0ist \u00fatbreidd a\u00f0 grunnsk\u00f3linn eigi a\u00f0 innr\u00e6ta b\u00f6rnum tiltekin vi\u00f0horf. \u00deessa s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 \u00ed a\u00f0aln\u00e1mskr\u00e1 grunnsk\u00f3lanna en samkv\u00e6mt henni eru grunn\u00fe\u00e6ttir menntunar l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i, jafnr\u00e9tti, sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6rni, heilbrig\u00f0i, sk\u00f6pun og l\u00e6si. \u00de\u00f3tt merking \u00feessara hugtaka s\u00e9 hvorki einf\u00f6ld n\u00e9 \u00f3umdeild hefur \u00feessi \u00e1hersla a\u00f0aln\u00e1mskr\u00e1r n\u00e1nast engri gangnr\u00fdni s\u00e6tt. Ef til vill sk\u00fdrist \u00fea\u00f0 af \u00feeirri \u00a0t\u00falkun a\u00f0 sk\u00f3lum beri a\u00f0 starfa \u00ed anda l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0is, jafnr\u00e9ttis o.s.frv. fremur en a\u00f0 taka upp markvissa kennslu \u00ed \u00feessum grunn\u00fe\u00e1ttum. \u00de\u00f3 hafa fem\u00ednistar n\u00fa sent fr\u00e1 s\u00e9r \u00e1lyktun um a\u00f0 kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0i skuli tekin upp sem skyldufag<\/a> \u00ed grunn- og framhaldssk\u00f3lum og ver\u00f0i af \u00fev\u00ed mun br\u00e1tt reyna \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 hlutverk grunnsk\u00f3lans sem a\u00f0aln\u00e1mskr\u00e1 vir\u00f0ist bo\u00f0a; a\u00f0 innr\u00e6ta b\u00f6rnum p\u00f3lit\u00edskar og m\u00f3ralskar hugmyndir.<\/p>\n

\"screenshot-from-2014-06-22-072919\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00c1lyktun fem\u00ednistanna kemur ekki \u00e1 \u00f3vart enda hefur meint \u00fe\u00f6rf fyrir kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0ikennslu veri\u00f0 \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0unni um nokkurt skei\u00f0. Kvenhyggjuhreyfingin er \u00e1hrifamikil \u00e1 \u00cdslandi og sj\u00e1lfsagt \u00feykir a\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lamenn noti stofnanir samf\u00e9lagsins \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gu fem\u00ednisma. Til d\u00e6mis st\u00f3\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0uneyti mennta- og menningarm\u00e1la fyrir \u00fatg\u00e1fu kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0in\u00e1msefnis fyrir framhaldssk\u00f3la sumari\u00f0 2010 og \u00fe\u00e1verandi menntam\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0herra, Katr\u00edn Jakobsd\u00f3ttir, rita\u00f0i form\u00e1la a\u00f0 n\u00e1msefninu sem ber heiti\u00f0 Kynungab\u00f3k<\/em>. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 \u00e6tla a\u00f0 einhverjir stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lamenn muni taka \u00feessa \u00e1lyktun til greina.<\/p>\n

R\u00f6k fem\u00ednistanna fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 kenna \u00feurfi kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed sk\u00f3lum, eru annarsvegar \u00feau a\u00f0 jafnr\u00e9ttisfr\u00e6\u00f0sla s\u00e9 l\u00f6gbo\u00f0in og hinsvegar \u00feau a\u00f0 kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0ikennsla \u00ed framhaldssk\u00f3lum hafi skila\u00f0 \u00feeim \u00e1rangri a\u00f0 nemendur hafi stofna\u00f0 fem\u00ednistaf\u00e9l\u00f6g. Vi\u00f0 \u00feetta er tvennt a\u00f0 athuga: \u00cd fyrsta lagi r\u00edkir engin s\u00e1tt um \u00fea\u00f0 sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 a\u00f0 jafnr\u00e9ttisfr\u00e6\u00f0slu s\u00e9 best komi\u00f0 \u00ed h\u00f6ndum kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0inga. \u00cd \u00f6\u00f0ru lagi er \u00fea\u00f0 t\u00e6plega hlutverk grunnsk\u00f3lans a\u00f0 stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 framgangi p\u00f3lit\u00edskra hreyfinga. \u00c9g tel \u00ed meira lagi vafasamt a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0inga annast jafnr\u00e9ttisfr\u00e6\u00f0slu og \u00e6tlun m\u00edn me\u00f0 \u00feessari grein er a\u00f0 f\u00e6ra r\u00f6k fyrir \u00feeirri sko\u00f0un.<\/p>\n

Kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0in er p\u00f3lit\u00edsk<\/h2>\n

\"thorgerdur-300x179\"<\/a>\u00dea\u00f0 hefur varla fari\u00f0 fram hj\u00e1 neinum sem fylgst hefur me\u00f0 kynjaumr\u00e6\u00f0u s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1ra a\u00f0 me\u00f0al fem\u00ednista er s\u00fa sko\u00f0un r\u00edkjandi a\u00f0 konur s\u00e9u \u00ed veikari st\u00f6\u00f0u en karlmenn \u00ed n\u00e6r \u00f6llum a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um og \u00fev\u00ed st\u00f6\u00f0ugt \u00ed h\u00e6ttu \u00e1 a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a fyrir k\u00fagun e\u00f0a ofbeldi. \u00deetta vi\u00f0horf er einnig \u00e1berandi \u00ed fem\u00edn\u00edskum ranns\u00f3knum. Starf kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0inga og annarra fem\u00edn\u00edskra fr\u00e6\u00f0imanna vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands er h\u00e1p\u00f3lit\u00edskt; \u00fea\u00f0 sn\u00fdst ekki um \u00feekkingarleit heldur um a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa \u00feessar hugmyndir. Gengi\u00f0 er \u00fat fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed sem sta\u00f0reynd a\u00f0 flest f\u00e9lagsleg fyrirb\u00e6ri megi sk\u00fdra \u00ed lj\u00f3si valda\u00f3jafnv\u00e6gis milli samf\u00e9lagsh\u00f3pa, einkum kynjanna og ranns\u00f3knir mi\u00f0a oft a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 s\u00fdna fram \u00e1 a\u00f0 samf\u00e9lag okkar einkennist af kvenfyrirlitningu.<\/p>\n

Starf kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0inga og annarra fem\u00edn\u00edskra fr\u00e6\u00f0imanna vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands er h\u00e1p\u00f3lit\u00edskt; \u00fea\u00f0 sn\u00fdst ekki um \u00feekkingarleit heldur um a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa \u00feessar hugmyndir.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u00c1\u00f0ur en lengra er haldi\u00f0 er r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 taka fram a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki bara mitt mat a\u00f0 kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0in \u00ed H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands byggist \u00e1 hugmyndafr\u00e6\u00f0i fem\u00ednismans, \u00fev\u00ed \u00deorger\u00f0ur Einarsd\u00f3ttir, pr\u00f3fessor \u00ed kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0i og fyrrum deildarforseti Stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lafr\u00e6\u00f0ideildar, skilgreinir kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0i beinl\u00ednis sem \u201eakademiskan fem\u00ednisma\u201d<\/a>. \u00deetta er samb\u00e6rilegt vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 sko\u00f0un a\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lafr\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00e9 \u201eakadem\u00edsk frj\u00e1lshyggja\u201d e\u00f0a \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i \u201eakadem\u00edsk \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernishyggja\u201d. \u00dea\u00f0 er kannski ekki a\u00f0 undra a\u00f0 einhverjir telji p\u00f3lit\u00edsk markmi\u00f0 grunn\u00fe\u00e6tti menntunar ef s\u00fa sko\u00f0un s\u00e6tir engri gagnr\u00fdni a\u00f0 hlutverk \u00a0h\u00e1sk\u00f3la s\u00e9 a\u00f0 uppf\u00f3stra p\u00f3lit\u00edska hreyfingu.<\/p>\n

D\u00e6mi um \u00edslenska kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0iranns\u00f3kn<\/h2>\n

\u00dea\u00f0 \u00fearf langa leit og \u00edtarlega til a\u00f0 finna \u00edslenska kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0iranns\u00f3kn sem \u00e1 eitthva\u00f0 skylt vi\u00f0 v\u00edsindi. Algengast er a\u00f0 rannsakendur gefi s\u00e9r ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0urnar fyrst og taki svo vi\u00f0t\u00f6l vi\u00f0 nokkra einstaklinga sem l\u00edklegir eru til a\u00f0 gefa sv\u00f6r sem sty\u00f0ja \u00fe\u00e6r ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur sem \u00e6tla\u00f0 er a\u00f0 n\u00e1 fram. Sjaldan er reynt a\u00f0 brei\u00f0a yfir \u00feessar a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir, enda eru \u00fe\u00e6r \u00e1litnar e\u00f0lilegar innan kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0innar. \u00cd inngangi ritger\u00f0a er oft teki\u00f0 fram a\u00f0 gengi\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00fat fr\u00e1 fem\u00edn\u00edskri hugmyndafr\u00e6\u00f0i e\u00f0a \u00f6\u00f0rum tengdum hugmyndum sem engin s\u00e1tt r\u00edkir um, hvorki innan v\u00edsindasamf\u00e9lagsins n\u00e9 me\u00f0al almennings. T\u00falkun gagnanna minnir svo i\u00f0ulega meira \u00e1 sk\u00e1ldskap en v\u00edsindi.<\/p>\n

Algengast er a\u00f0 rannsakendur gefi s\u00e9r ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0urnar fyrst og taki svo vi\u00f0t\u00f6l vi\u00f0 nokkra einstaklinga sem l\u00edklegir eru til a\u00f0 gefa sv\u00f6r sem sty\u00f0ja \u00fe\u00e6r ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur sem \u00e6tla\u00f0 er a\u00f0 n\u00e1 fram.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

L\u00edklega er \u00feekktasta kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0iranns\u00f3kn sem ger\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00cdslandi ranns\u00f3kn Thomasar Brorsen Smidt, \u00fe\u00e1verandi meistaranema \u00ed kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0i og fyrrum r\u00e1\u00f0skonu Fem\u00ednistaf\u00e9lagsins, \u00e1 kl\u00e1mi \u00e1 vinnust\u00f6\u00f0um Reykjav\u00edkurborgar. Vi\u00f0t\u00f6l voru tekin vi\u00f0 fimm einstaklinga sem t\u00f6ldu sig hafa or\u00f0i\u00f0 vara vi\u00f0 kl\u00e1mfengi\u00f0 tal og kynfer\u00f0islega \u00e1reitni \u00e1 vinnust\u00f6\u00f0um borgarinnar. Fimm handvalda einstaklinga af \u00feeim t\u00edu \u00fe\u00fasund sem starfa hj\u00e1 borginni. Fyrsta ranns\u00f3knarspurning T.B. Smidt var ekki hvort kl\u00e1m \u00ferifist \u00e1 vinnust\u00f6\u00f0um Reykjav\u00edkur, heldur \u00e1 hva\u00f0a h\u00e1tt kl\u00e1mfengin or\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0a birtist \u00ed starfs- og n\u00e1msumhverfi borgarinnar. Hann gengur beinl\u00ednis \u00fat fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 kl\u00e1m og kynfer\u00f0s\u00e1reitni einkenni vinnusta\u00f0i hins opinbera. T\u00falkanir \u00e1 vi\u00f0t\u00f6lunum eru svo \u00ed besta falli umdeilanlegar, \u00fev\u00ed af \u00f6rf\u00e1um d\u00e6mum um \u00f3s\u00e6milega heg\u00f0un (a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed gefnu a\u00f0 allt sem m\u00e1li skiptir komi fram \u00ed fr\u00e1s\u00f6gnunum, sem er \u00f3v\u00edst) er dregin \u00feessi ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a:<\/p>\n

\u201e\u2026 the roots of patriarchy still have a very \ufb01rm hold and continue to nurture the porni\ufb01cation of the culture that grows above it.\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00edslenskri \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu:<\/p>\n

\u201e\u2026 r\u00e6tur fe\u00f0raveldisins hafa enn sterk t\u00f6k og halda \u00e1fram a\u00f0 n\u00e6ra kl\u00e1mv\u00e6\u00f0ingu menningarinnar sem vex upp \u00far \u00fev\u00ed.\u201c<\/p>\n

\"klamvaeding-279x300\"<\/a>\u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 ranns\u00f3kn Smidt er vel \u00feekkt me\u00f0al almennings er s\u00fa a\u00f0 \u00ed mars 2012 gaf Mannr\u00e9ttindaskrifstofa Reykjav\u00edkurborgar \u00fat fr\u00e6\u00f0slub\u00e6kling bygg\u00f0an \u00e1 \u00feessari ranns\u00f3kn, undir heitinu \u201eKl\u00e1mv\u00e6\u00f0ing er kynfer\u00f0isleg \u00e1reitni\u201d <\/a>og var hann r\u00e6kilega kynntur \u00ed fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lum. \u00cd ritstj\u00f3rn b\u00e6klingins s\u00e1tu, auk fulltr\u00faa Mannr\u00e9ttindaskrifstofu, tveir kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0ingar. \u00a0Annar \u00feeirra var fyrrnefnd \u00deorger\u00f0ur Einarsd\u00f3ttir, \u00fe\u00e1verandi deildarforseti Stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lafr\u00e6\u00f0ideildar. Ma\u00f0ur g\u00e6ti haldi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feegar Mannr\u00e9ttindaskrifstofa stendur fyrir \u00fatg\u00e1fu 20 bla\u00f0s\u00ed\u00f0na fr\u00e6\u00f0slub\u00e6klings v\u00e6ri um umfangsmiki\u00f0 vandam\u00e1l a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a. \u00dea\u00f0 kemur \u00fev\u00ed nokku\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00f3vart a\u00f0 vi\u00f0horfsk\u00f6nnun sem ger\u00f0 var me\u00f0al starfmanna borgarinnar \u00e1ri\u00f0 2011, s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 a\u00f0eins um 0,2% svarenda s\u00f6g\u00f0ust hafa or\u00f0i\u00f0 fyrir l\u00edkamlegri kynfer\u00f0islegri \u00e1reitni, og um 0,3% fyrir kynfer\u00f0islegri \u00e1reitni \u00ed or\u00f0um.<\/p>\n

Hversvegna r\u00e9\u00f0ist Mannr\u00e9ttindaskrifstofa Reykjav\u00edkur \u00ed \u00fatg\u00e1fu \u00feessa b\u00e6klings \u00feegar fyrir l\u00e1 ranns\u00f3kn sem s\u00fdndi allt anna\u00f0 en \u00fea\u00f0 v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6ka kl\u00e1mv\u00e6\u00f0ingarvandam\u00e1l sem Thomas Brorsen Smidt telur sig hafa s\u00fdnt fram \u00e1? \u00dev\u00ed ver\u00f0ur ekki svara\u00f0 h\u00e9r en \u00fatg\u00e1fa b\u00e6klingins vekur \u00fe\u00e1 hugmynd a\u00f0 kl\u00e1m og kynfer\u00f0isofbeldi s\u00e9 st\u00f3rt vandam\u00e1l \u00e1 vinnust\u00f6\u00f0um hins opinbera. \u00dea\u00f0 eru afar vond v\u00edsindi sem gefa svo ranga mynd af veruleikanum og h\u00e6tta \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fdti undir \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ul\u00edtinn \u00f3tta.<\/p>\n

D\u00e6mi um \u00e1hrif feminisma \u00e1 a\u00f0rar greinar f\u00e9lagsv\u00edsinda<\/h2>\n

\u00c1hrif feminista sj\u00e1st einnig \u00ed n\u00e1msritger\u00f0um vi\u00f0 f\u00e9lagsv\u00edsindadeild H\u00cd. \u00c9g l\u00e6t n\u00e6gja a\u00f0 nefna MA ritger\u00f0 Gu\u00f0r\u00fanar Margr\u00e9tar Gu\u00f0mundsd\u00f3ttur mannfr\u00e6\u00f0ings: Af hverju nau\u00f0ga karlar? \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0an fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00e9g tek Gu\u00f0r\u00fanu Margr\u00e9ti sem d\u00e6mi er s\u00fa a\u00f0 h\u00fan er einn h\u00f6funda Kynungab\u00f3kar sem fjalla\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur um h\u00e9r \u00e1 eftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cd inngangi ritger\u00f0arinnar l\u00fdsir h\u00f6fundur verkefni s\u00ednu \u00feannig:<\/p>\n

\u201eMe\u00f0 \u00feessar huglei\u00f0ingar, v\u00edsbendingar, m\u00f3tsagnir og spurningar a\u00f0 lei\u00f0arlj\u00f3si \u00e1kva\u00f0 \u00e9g a\u00f0 b\u00faa til ranns\u00f3knarspurningu sem v\u00e6ri n\u00f3gu v\u00ed\u00f0 til a\u00f0 varpa lj\u00f3si \u00e1 \u00f6ll \u00feessi vi\u00f0horf og v\u00e6ri \u00e1 sama t\u00edma n\u00f3gu afm\u00f6rku\u00f0 til a\u00f0 svara afar mikilv\u00e6gri fem\u00edn\u00edskri spurningu: Af hverju nau\u00f0ga karlar? \u00deessi spurning er rau\u00f0i \u00fer\u00e1\u00f0urinn \u00ed ritger\u00f0inni og byggir \u00e1 \u00feeirri hugmynd a\u00f0 nau\u00f0gun s\u00e9 kynbundi\u00f0 menningarfyrirb\u00e6ri. Sko\u00f0a\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur hva\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00ed f\u00e9lagsm\u00f3tun og menningu karla almennt sem veldur \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 undir vissum kringumst\u00e6\u00f0um langar suma \u00feeirra til a\u00f0 nau\u00f0ga konum, \u00e1kve\u00f0a a\u00f0 gera \u00fea\u00f0 e\u00f0a framkv\u00e6ma \u00fea\u00f0.\u201c (bls 10)<\/p>\n

Eins og sj\u00e1 m\u00e1 er gengi\u00f0 \u00fat fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 kynfer\u00f0isofbeldi sk\u00fdrist af f\u00e9lagsm\u00f3tun og karlak\u00falt\u00far; ranns\u00f3knarspurningin er fem\u00edn\u00edsk.<\/p>\n

Hluti af ritger\u00f0 Gu\u00f0r\u00fanar er eigindleg ranns\u00f3kn \u00e1 karlamenningu. Vi\u00f0t\u00f6l voru tekin vi\u00f0 \u00e1tta menn \u00e1 aldrinum 18-23ja \u00e1ra. H\u00f6fundur segist hafa sta\u00f0i\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfa sig a\u00f0 ford\u00f3mum, \u00fev\u00ed \u00feegar mennirnir s\u00fdndu ekki \u00fe\u00e1 karlrembuheg\u00f0un sem h\u00fan haf\u00f0i b\u00faist vi\u00f0, hafi h\u00fan fari\u00f0 a\u00f0 leita a\u00f0 \u201evenjulegum\u201d vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendum. H\u00fan l\u00e9t samt ekki ver\u00f0a af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 skipta \u00fat \u00fe\u00e1tttakendum \u00fev\u00ed h\u00fan komst a\u00f0 \u00feeirri ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u a\u00f0 h\u00fan hef\u00f0i misskili\u00f0 menningu karla. Karlmennskud\u00fdrkunin var \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 hennar mati til sta\u00f0ar en birtist ekki \u00e1 \u00feann h\u00e1tt sem h\u00fan haf\u00f0i b\u00faist vi\u00f0, heldur til d\u00e6mis \u00ed hommaf\u00e6lni, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 gera s\u00e9r leik a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 espa konur upp og \u00ed neikv\u00e6\u00f0um vi\u00f0horfum til st\u00falkna sem leggja miki\u00f0 upp \u00far \u00fatliti s\u00ednu. (Sj\u00e1 bls 87-104.)<\/p>\n

Hvernig \u00e6tli v\u00edsinda-samf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 bryg\u00f0ist vi\u00f0 ef mannfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur kynnti ranns\u00f3kn sem \u00e6tla\u00f0 v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 svara \u201eafar mikilv\u00e6gri spurningu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernis-hyggjunnar: Af hverju stela svertingjar?\u201d og dr\u00e6gi svo v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6ka \u00e1lyktun um gl\u00e6pak\u00falt\u00far svartra af vi\u00f0t\u00f6lum vi\u00f0 \u00e1tta \u00feeld\u00f6kka menn me\u00f0 hreina sakaskr\u00e1?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Enda \u00fe\u00f3tt ekkert bendi til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feessir \u00e1tta piltar s\u00e9u nau\u00f0garar telur h\u00f6fundur a\u00f0 vi\u00f0t\u00f6lin sty\u00f0ji \u00fe\u00e1 ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u hennar a\u00f0 nau\u00f0ganir s\u00e9u \u00fe\u00e1ttur \u00ed karlamenningu; karlar nau\u00f0gi af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 tali\u00f0 karlmannlegt. Hin fyrirframgefna ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a, a\u00f0 nau\u00f0ganir sk\u00fdrist af menningu karla, er \u00feannig sta\u00f0fest me\u00f0 t\u00falkun h\u00f6fundar \u00e1 g\u00f6gnunum. Hef\u00f0i henni ekki \u00fe\u00f3tt s\u00fa t\u00falkun n\u00e6rt\u00e6k hef\u00f0i eflaust veri\u00f0 h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 finna \u201evenjulega\u201d vi\u00f0m\u00e6lendur.<\/p>\n

Hvernig \u00e6tli v\u00edsindasamf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 bryg\u00f0ist vi\u00f0 ef mannfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur kynnti ranns\u00f3kn sem \u00e6tla\u00f0 v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 svara \u201eafar mikilv\u00e6gri spurningu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernishyggjunnar: Af hverju stela svertingjar?\u201d og dr\u00e6gi svo v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6ka \u00e1lyktun um gl\u00e6pak\u00falt\u00far svartra af vi\u00f0t\u00f6lum vi\u00f0 \u00e1tta \u00feeld\u00f6kka menn me\u00f0 hreina sakaskr\u00e1?<\/p>\n

\"svertingjar\"<\/a><\/p>\n

F\u00e1naberar f\u00e1v\u00edsinnar<\/h2>\n

\u00deessi tv\u00f6 verkefni eru engar undantekningar heldur eru \u00f3v\u00edsindalegar a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir og langs\u00f3ttar t\u00falkanir gegnumgangandi \u00ed fem\u00edn\u00edskum ranns\u00f3knum. \u00deetta \u00e1 ekki a\u00f0eins vi\u00f0 um \u00fatskriftarverkefni heldur einnig ranns\u00f3knir reyndra fr\u00e6\u00f0imanna. \u00c9g l\u00e6t n\u00e6gja a\u00f0 nefna kynjagreiningu \u00deorger\u00f0ar Einarsd\u00f3ttur og Gy\u00f0u Margr\u00e9tar P\u00e9tursd\u00f3ttur \u00e1 sk\u00fdrslu Ranns\u00f3knarnefndar Al\u00feingis.<\/p>\n

\u00deann 21. september 2010 sat \u00e9g opinn fyrirlestur \u00ed \u00d6skju, \u00fear sem \u00deorger\u00f0ur og Gy\u00f0a Margr\u00e9t kynntu fyrrnefnda ranns\u00f3kn s\u00edna. Kjarninn \u00ed ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0um \u00feeirra var s\u00e1 a\u00f0 karlar og karll\u00e6g gildi hef\u00f0u valdi\u00f0 bankahruninu og til \u00feess a\u00f0 for\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 sl\u00edkt endurt\u00e6ki sig v\u00e6ri nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 auka hlut kvenna \u00ed stj\u00f3rns\u00fdslunni. Reyndar nefndu \u00fe\u00e6r d\u00e6mi um konur sem einnig b\u00e6ru \u00e1byrg\u00f0 en \u00feeirra \u00fe\u00e1ttur var \u00fdmist sk\u00fdr\u00f0ur me\u00f0 \u201esty\u00f0jandi kvenleika\u201d e\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 konan hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 \u201e\u00ed karlgervi\u201d. A\u00f0 sama skapi t\u00f6ldu \u00fe\u00e6r a\u00f0 \u00feeir stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lakarlar sem voru \u201e\u00ed kvengervi\u201d hef\u00f0u litlu r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0.<\/p>\n

\u00c9g undrast \u00fea\u00f0 hversu f\u00e1ir vir\u00f0ast sj\u00e1 neitt athugavert vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 hi\u00f0 opinbera leggi f\u00e9 \u00ed a\u00f0ra eins \u00fev\u00e6lu.
\nHitt er \u00fe\u00f3 alvarlegra a\u00f0 h\u00e1sk\u00f3lakennarar skeyti hvorki um v\u00edsindaleg vinnubr\u00f6g\u00f0, n\u00e9 spyrji auglj\u00f3sustu spurninga \u00e1\u00f0ur en \u00feeir setja fram ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

A\u00f0 fyrirlestrinum loknum gafst \u00e1heyrendum f\u00e6ri \u00e1 a\u00f0 varpa fram spurningum. \u00c9g spur\u00f0i v\u00edsindakonurnar hvernig \u00fe\u00e6r teldu aukinn hlut kvenna vera lausn fyrst konur g\u00e6tu heg\u00f0a\u00f0 s\u00e9r af sama \u00e1byrg\u00f0arleysi og karlar me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 taka \u00e1 sig karlgervi. \u00deeirri spurningu var svara\u00f0 \u00fat \u00ed h\u00f6tt.<\/p>\n

\u00c9g undrast \u00fea\u00f0 hversu f\u00e1ir vir\u00f0ast sj\u00e1 neitt athugavert vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 hi\u00f0 opinbera leggi f\u00e9 \u00ed a\u00f0ra eins \u00fev\u00e6lu. Hitt er \u00fe\u00f3 alvarlegra a\u00f0 h\u00e1sk\u00f3lakennarar skeyti hvorki um v\u00edsindaleg vinnubr\u00f6g\u00f0 n\u00e9 spyrji auglj\u00f3sustu spurninga \u00e1\u00f0ur en \u00feeir setja fram ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur. Eina vitr\u00e6na \u00e1lyktunin sem h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 draga af \u00edslenskum kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0iranns\u00f3knum er s\u00fa a\u00f0 kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0in vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands eigi meira skylt vi\u00f0 forheimskun en v\u00edsindi.<\/p>\n

Ekki s\u00e9r\u00edslenskt vandam\u00e1l<\/h2>\n

\u00d3v\u00edsindalegar a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir og frj\u00e1lslegar t\u00falkanir einkenna einnig ranns\u00f3knir margra erlendra fem\u00ednista sem kynna sig sem \u201efr\u00e6\u00f0imenn og akt\u00edvista\u201d. Nefna m\u00e1 Melissu Farley sem einkum er \u00feekkt fyrir ranns\u00f3knir s\u00ednar \u00e1 kl\u00e1mi og kynl\u00edfsi\u00f0na\u00f0i. Oft er vitna\u00f0 \u00ed Farley \u00ed fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegri umfj\u00f6llun \u00edslenskra fem\u00ednista um kynl\u00edfsi\u00f0na\u00f0inn og verk hennar hafa veri\u00f0 \u00e1 leslistum vi\u00f0 H\u00cd.\u00a0Ronald Weitzer, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 George Washington h\u00e1sk\u00f3la hefur bent \u00e1 st\u00f3rkostlega galla \u00e1 hverjum einasta \u00fe\u00e6tti \u00ed ranns\u00f3knara\u00f0fer\u00f0um Farley og \u00farvinnslu hennar \u00e1 g\u00f6gnum og \u00e1ri\u00f0 2008 sendu 19 a\u00f0ilar, a\u00f0allega fr\u00e6\u00f0imenn en einnig stofnanir \u00e1 svi\u00f0i f\u00e9lags- og heilbrig\u00f0isv\u00edsinda, \u00e1samt samt\u00f6kum kynl\u00edfs\u00fej\u00f3na, fr\u00e1 s\u00e9r yfirl\u00fdsingu \u00fear sem vinnubr\u00f6g\u00f0 Farley og samstarfsmanna hennar eru har\u00f0lega gagnr\u00fdnd. Yfirl\u00fdsingin haf\u00f0i \u00fe\u00f3 ekki \u00feau \u00e1hrif a\u00f0 \u00edslenskir h\u00e1sk\u00f3lakennarar t\u00e6kju Farley \u00fat af leslistum.\u00a0Hausti\u00f0 2008, f\u00e1um m\u00e1nu\u00f0um eftir a\u00f0 yfirl\u00fdsingin var birt, var Farley t.d. \u00e1 leslista \u00ed n\u00e1mskei\u00f0i \u00deorger\u00f0ar Einarsd\u00f3ttur og Katr\u00ednar \u00d6nnu Gu\u00f0mundsd\u00f3ttur, \u201eKl\u00e1mv\u00e6\u00f0ing kyn\u00feokkans\u201d vi\u00f0 F\u00e9lags- og mannv\u00edsindadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdsland.<\/p>\n

\"wordcloud\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Svo sterk eru \u00e1hrif kvenhyggjunnar a\u00f0 hugmyndir um fem\u00edn\u00edska n\u00e1lgun \u00e1 e\u00f0lisv\u00edsindi hafa veri\u00f0 r\u00e6ddar \u00ed fullri alv\u00f6ru. Moira von Wright, pr\u00f3fessor \u00ed menntav\u00edsindum, hefur l\u00fdst \u00feeirri sko\u00f0un a\u00f0 v\u00edsindasamf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 \u00e6tti a\u00f0 hafna st\u00f3rum hluta hef\u00f0bundinnar e\u00f0lisfr\u00e6\u00f0i. Wright telur \u00fea\u00f0 mismunun \u00ed gar\u00f0 st\u00falkna a\u00f0 taka r\u00f6khugsun fram yfir upplifun og vill sem d\u00e6mi a\u00f0laga e\u00f0lisfr\u00e6\u00f0ina \u00feeirri hugmynd a\u00f0 regnboginn eigi s\u00e9r \u00e1\u00fereifanlegan sta\u00f0. Dr. Wright segir reyndar a\u00f0 gagnr\u00fdnendur hennar misskilji hana en h\u00fan hefur ekki \u00fatsk\u00fdrt \u00ed hverju s\u00e1 misskilningur felst<\/a>. \u00dea\u00f0 er svo til marks um gagnr\u00fdnisleysi v\u00edsindasamf\u00e9lagsins \u00e1 fem\u00edn\u00edska fr\u00e6\u00f0imenn a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir \u00feessar undarlegu hugmyndir var\u00f0 Moira von Wright rektor vi\u00f0 s\u00e6nskan h\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00e1ri\u00f0 2010. H\u00e9r m\u00e1 sj\u00e1 umfj\u00f6llun T\u00f6nju Bergkvist um hugmyndir Moiru von Wright<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Me\u00f0virkni v\u00edsindasamf\u00e9lagsins<\/h2>\n

\u00c9g taldi lengi a\u00f0 gagnr\u00fdnisleysi v\u00edsindasamf\u00e9lagsins \u00e1 fem\u00edn\u00edskar ranns\u00f3knir stafa\u00f0i af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 v\u00edsindamenn hef\u00f0u l\u00edtinn \u00e1huga \u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum svi\u00f0um en s\u00ednum eigin. En v\u00edsindasamf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 er ekki bara skeytingarlaust, \u00fea\u00f0 spilar me\u00f0. Sem d\u00e6mi m\u00e1 nefna ranns\u00f3kn sem s\u00e6nska v\u00edsindar\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 taldi tilvali\u00f0 a\u00f0 styrkja \u00e1ri\u00f0 2009 og bar yfirskriftina: \u201eTrompetinn sem t\u00e1kn um kyn\/kynfer\u00f0i.\u201c \u00a0Ein af ranns\u00f3knarspurningunum var \u00feessi:<\/p>\n

\u201eVilken klang i trumpetens breda klangspektrum blir till norm och vilken klang uppfattas som avvikande och kallas f\u00f6r kvinnlig respektive manlig? Vad h\u00e4nder med klangen, n\u00e4r trumpetaren spelar med en \u2019kvinnlig klang\u2019?\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00cd lauslegri \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu (\u00feetta er reyndar svo dj\u00fapt a\u00f0 \u00e9g efast um a\u00f0 \u00ed \u00edslensku s\u00e9u til or\u00f0 sem koma \u00feessari snilld til skila):<\/p>\n

\u201eHva\u00f0a hlj\u00f3mur \u00ed hinu brei\u00f0a hlj\u00f3mr\u00f3fi trompetsins ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 normi og hva\u00f0a hlj\u00f3mur upplifist sem fr\u00e1vik og kallast karll\u00e6gur e\u00f0a kvenl\u00e6gur? Hva\u00f0 gerist var\u00f0andi hlj\u00f3minn \u00feegar trompetleikarinn spilar me\u00f0 \u201ekvenlegum hlj\u00f3mi\u201c?\u201c<\/p>\n

\u00deetta flokkar v\u00edsindar\u00e1\u00f0 Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar sem \u00e1hugaver\u00f0a ranns\u00f3knarspurningu.\u00a0Tanja Bergkvist fjallar um trompetranns\u00f3knina \u00ed \u00feessari grein<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Kynungab\u00f3k<\/h2>\n

\u00c1 me\u00f0an \u00fea\u00f0 v\u00edsindastarf sem h\u00e9r hefur veri\u00f0 l\u00fdst s\u00e6tir engri gagnr\u00fdni er \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til a\u00f0 \u00e6tla a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 ver\u00f0i fr\u00e6\u00f0imenn af \u00feessum toga sem muni sj\u00e1 um framlei\u00f0slu \u00e1 jafnr\u00e9ttisn\u00e1msefni og sinna kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0ikennslu, ver\u00f0i h\u00fan tekin upp sem skyldugrein.<\/p>\n

\"fornarlambaskolinn-688x451\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00cd framhaldssk\u00f3lunum eru \u00fea\u00f0 fem\u00ednistar sem kenna kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0i og sumari\u00f0 2010 gaf menntam\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0uneyti\u00f0 \u00fat Kynungab\u00f3k<\/a>, kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0in\u00e1msefni fyrir framhaldssk\u00f3la. Texti Kynungab\u00f3kar hefur fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegt yfirbrag\u00f0 og \u00e1hersla er l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 jafnr\u00e9ttism\u00e1l var\u00f0i b\u00e6\u00f0i kynin. Engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur er hugmyndafr\u00e6\u00f0i kvenhyggjunnar undirliggjandi. T\u00f3nninn er sleginn strax \u00ed inngangi Kynungab\u00f3kar:<\/p>\n

\u201eTali\u00f0 er a\u00f0 rekja megi n\u00faverandi \u00a0kynjamisr\u00e9tti til \u00feeirra t\u00edma er eing\u00f6ngu karlar \u00far valdast\u00e9tt h\u00f6f\u00f0u t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 m\u00f3ta samf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 en \u00fea\u00f0 ger\u00f0u \u00feeir \u00fat fr\u00e1 hagsmunum s\u00ednum.\u201c (bls 7.)<\/p>\n

\u00deessi barnalega s\u00f6gusko\u00f0un er sett fram sem jafn almenn sannindi og \u00feau a\u00f0 j\u00f6r\u00f0in sn\u00faist um m\u00f6ndul sinn. \u00a0Ekki er \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 minnst a\u00f0 flestir karlar hafa aldrei tilheyrt neinni valdast\u00e9tt \u2026<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u00deessi barnalega s\u00f6gusko\u00f0un er sett fram sem jafn almenn sannindi og \u00feau a\u00f0 j\u00f6r\u00f0in sn\u00faist um m\u00f6ndul sinn. \u00a0Ekki er \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 minnst a\u00f0 flestir karlar hafa aldrei tilheyrt neinni valdast\u00e9tt e\u00f0a a\u00f0 \u00f3r\u00e9ttl\u00e6ti hafi einnig bitna\u00f0 \u00e1 kotb\u00e6ndum og \u00f6\u00f0rum f\u00e1t\u00e6kum k\u00f6rlum; vinnum\u00f6nnum, fl\u00e6kingum og ni\u00f0ursetningum. Fullor\u00f0inni manneskju kann a\u00f0 \u00feykja \u00fea\u00f0 auglj\u00f3st en vi\u00f0 erum a\u00f0 tala um n\u00e1msefni fyrir unglinga, \u00fear sem megin \u00e1herslan er \u00e1 kynjamisr\u00e9tti. \u00dea\u00f0 er fyrirsj\u00e1anleg \u00e1lyktun ungs lesanda a\u00f0 takmarka\u00f0 frelsi og undirokun r\u00e1\u00f0ist beinl\u00ednis af kyni.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00f3kin er \u00f6ll litu\u00f0 af \u00feeirri sko\u00f0un a\u00f0 jafnr\u00e9ttisstefna sn\u00faist um konur og \u00feessi sko\u00f0un birtist ekki s\u00ed\u00f0ur \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed sem er \u00f3sagt l\u00e1ti\u00f0. Tala\u00f0 er um verkaskiptingu \u00e1 heimilum sem jafnr\u00e9ttism\u00e1l en ekkert fjalla\u00f0 um misjafna st\u00f6\u00f0u kynjanna \u00ed forsj\u00e1rm\u00e1lum. Bar\u00e1tta kvenna fyrir jafnr\u00e9tti \u00e1 vinnumarka\u00f0i er kynnt en ekki viki\u00f0 or\u00f0i a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed h\u00e1a hlutfalli drengja sem rekst ekki \u00ed sk\u00f3la. \u00c1herslan \u00e1 vanda drengja \u00ed sk\u00f3lum sn\u00fdr a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hversu erfitt kvenlegir str\u00e1kar eigi uppdr\u00e1ttar f\u00e9lagslega og einnig er tali\u00f0 vandam\u00e1l hve l\u00edti\u00f0 piltar s\u00e6ki \u00ed kvenl\u00e6gar n\u00e1msgreinar.<\/p>\n

S\u00fdn Kynungab\u00f3kar \u00e1 \u201ekynbundi\u00f0 ofbeldi\u201d einkennist svo af fullyr\u00f0ingum sem engin t\u00f6lfr\u00e6\u00f0ig\u00f6gn sty\u00f0ja. \u00dev\u00ed er haldi\u00f0 fram fullum fetum a\u00f0 fj\u00f3r\u00f0a hver kona ver\u00f0i fyrir ofbeldi \u00ed n\u00e1num samb\u00f6ndum en engra heimilda er geti\u00f0. Einnig er sta\u00f0h\u00e6ft a\u00f0 kynl\u00edfs\u00fej\u00f3nusta og mansal hafi aukist \u00fe\u00f3tt engar \u00e1byggilegar t\u00f6lur s\u00e9u til um umfang \u00feessarra m\u00e1la fyrr og n\u00fa.<\/p>\n

\u00c6tlum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 treysta fem\u00ednistum fyrir jafnr\u00e9ttisfr\u00e6\u00f0slu \u00ed grunnsk\u00f3lum? F\u00f3lki sem telur a\u00f0 v\u00edsindin eigi a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3na p\u00f3lit\u00edskum sko\u00f0unum \u00feess? F\u00f3lki sem heldur \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 \u00f6ll okkar saga og samf\u00e9lag hafi m\u00f3tast af hagsmunum karla og a\u00f0 \u00edslensk n\u00fat\u00edmamenning beri sterk merki fe\u00f0raveldis?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Kynungab\u00f3k ber \u00feess \u00f6ll merki a\u00f0 vera skrifu\u00f0 af fem\u00ednistum. H\u00fan einkennist af \u00f3r\u00f6kstuddum sko\u00f0unum sem gefi\u00f0 er fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegt yfirbrag\u00f0 me\u00f0al annars me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 v\u00edsa til ranns\u00f3kna sem \u00fdmist eru vafasamar e\u00f0a ekki geti\u00f0 \u00e1 heimildaskr\u00e1. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00e1 valdi kennarans a\u00f0 kynna \u00fea\u00f0 efni sem ekki er nefnt \u00ed b\u00f3kinni og \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki s\u00ed\u00f0ur \u00e1hyggjuefni. Hvernig fjalla kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0ikennarar um karla sem ekki eru \u00e1 vinnumarka\u00f0i? Hvernig sk\u00fdra \u00feeir kynjahlutf\u00f6ll me\u00f0al \u00fatigangsmanna, fanga og annars utangar\u00f0sf\u00f3lks fyrir unglingum? \u00c6tlum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 treysta fem\u00ednistum fyrir jafnr\u00e9ttisfr\u00e6\u00f0slu \u00ed grunnsk\u00f3lum? F\u00f3lki sem telur a\u00f0 v\u00edsindin eigi a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3na p\u00f3lit\u00edskum sko\u00f0unum \u00feess? F\u00f3lki sem heldur \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 \u00f6ll okkar saga og samf\u00e9lag hafi m\u00f3tast af hagsmunum karla og a\u00f0 \u00edslensk n\u00fat\u00edmamenning beri sterk merki fe\u00f0raveldis?<\/p>\n

Hver \u00e1 a\u00f0 sinna p\u00f3lit\u00edsku uppeldi?<\/h2>\n

\"brainwash1-300x245\"<\/a>Ef grunnsk\u00f3larnir eiga a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a p\u00f3lit\u00edskar uppeldisstofnanir \u00fe\u00e1 skulum vi\u00f0 spyrja hva\u00f0a grasr\u00f3tarhreyfing, stofnun e\u00f0a fyrirt\u00e6ki muni n\u00e6st bi\u00f0ja um a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 sk\u00f3lab\u00f6rnum. F\u00e6r p\u00edratahreyfingin a\u00f0 sinna l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0iskennslu e\u00f0a eiga l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0ishugmyndir frams\u00f3knarmanna betur heima \u00ed sk\u00f3lum? Munu heilsug\u00far\u00faar sem bo\u00f0a gr\u00e6nmetis\u00e1t og j\u00f3ga sinna heilbrig\u00f0is\u00fe\u00e6tti a\u00f0aln\u00e1mskr\u00e1r e\u00f0a ver\u00f0ur \u00fea\u00f0 l\u00edkamsvir\u00f0ingarhreyfingin e\u00f0a kannski eitthvert tryggingaf\u00e9lagi\u00f0? Hvort \u00e6tli Landsvirkjun e\u00f0a N\u00e1tt\u00faruverndarhreyfingin ver\u00f0i fyrri til a\u00f0 \u00f3ska eftir f\u00e6ri \u00e1 a\u00f0 kynna b\u00f6rnum t\u00falkun s\u00edna \u00e1 sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6rni?<\/p>\n

Og hva\u00f0a hugmyndir ver\u00f0a n\u00e6st teknar upp sem grunn\u00fe\u00e6ttir menntunar? \u00c6ttu frelsi og fri\u00f0ur ekki \u00e1g\u00e6tlega heima \u00ed a\u00f0aln\u00e1msskr\u00e1? Ver\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e1 herna\u00f0arandst\u00e6\u00f0ingar l\u00e1tnir sinna \u00feeim \u00fe\u00e1ttum e\u00f0a frj\u00e1lshyggjumenn e\u00f0a \u00a0\u00c1st\u00fe\u00f3r Magn\u00fasson?<\/p>\n

Er p\u00f3lit\u00edskur grunnsk\u00f3li \u00fea\u00f0 sem vi\u00f0 viljum sj\u00e1? E\u00f0a \u00e6tti a\u00f0alhlutverk grunnsk\u00f3la kannski a\u00f0 vera uppfr\u00e6\u00f0sla og hugmyndafr\u00e6\u00f0ileg innr\u00e6ting \u00e1 valdi heimilanna fremur en sk\u00f3lans?<\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n

Heimildir<\/strong><\/p>\n

A\u00f0aln\u00e1mskr\u00e1 grunnsk\u00f3la 2011<\/em>, Mennta- og menningarm\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0uneyti.<\/p>\n

\u00c1lyktun Kvenr\u00e9ttindaf\u00e9lags \u00cdslands og Landssambands fem\u00ednistaf\u00e9laga framhaldssk\u00f3lanna um kennslu \u00ed kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed grunn- og menntask\u00f3lum landsins<\/em>, http:\/\/kvennabladid.is\/2014\/04\/18\/kennsla-til-jafnrettis\/<\/a>, s\u00f3tt 11. ma\u00ed 2014.<\/p>\n

Bergkvist, Tanja (2009): \u201cVetenskap eller galenskap\u201d SvD Opinion,<\/em> http:\/\/www.svd.se\/opinion\/brannpunkt\/vetenskap-eller-galenskap_2531501.svd<\/a> s\u00f3tt 11. ma\u00ed 2004.<\/p>\n

Bergkvist, Tanja (2010): \u201cGenusvaldet intar S\u00f6dertorns H\u00f6gskola\u201d Tanja Bergkvists Blog,<\/em> http:\/\/tanjabergkvist.wordpress.com\/2010\/01\/11\/genusvaldet-intar-sodertorns-hogskola\/<\/a> s\u00f3tt 11. ma\u00ed 2014.<\/p>\n

Berglind R\u00f3s Magn\u00fasd\u00f3ttir o.fl. (2010): Kynungab\u00f3k.<\/em> Mennta- og menningarm\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0uneyti.<\/p>\n

Brynd\u00eds Bj\u00f6rk \u00c1sgeirsd\u00f3ttir (2003): V\u00e6ndi me\u00f0al ungs f\u00f3lks \u00e1 \u00cdslandi og f\u00e9lagslegt umhverfi \u00feess.<\/em> Ranns\u00f3knir og greining.<\/p>\n

Gu\u00f0r\u00fan Margr\u00e9t Gu\u00f0mundsd\u00f3ttir (2004): \u00a0Af hverju nau\u00f0ga karlar?<\/em> MA ritger\u00f0 \u00ed mannfr\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands.<\/p>\n

Sanders, Tyla o.fl., yfirl\u00fdsing dagsett 29. apr\u00edl 2008: A Commentary on \u2018Challenging Men\u2019s Demand for Prostitution in Scotland\u2019: A Research Report Based on Interviews with 110 Men who Bought Women in Prostitution, (Jan Macleod, Melissa Farley,\u00a0Lynn Anderson, Jacqueline Golding, 2008.)<\/em> .<\/p>\n

Smidt, Thomas Brorsen (2011): Pornography as Work Culture and Cultural Phenomenon.<\/em> N\u00fdsk\u00f6punarsj\u00f3\u00f0ur n\u00e1msmanna.<\/p>\n

Smidt, Thomas Brorsen (2012): \u00a0Kl\u00e1mv\u00e6\u00f0ing er kynfer\u00f0isleg \u00e1reitni<\/em>. Mannr\u00e9ttindaskrifstofa Reykjav\u00edkurborgar og MARK \u2013 Mi\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0 margbreytileika og kynjaranns\u00f3kna vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands.<\/p>\n

\u201cVetenskapskritisk rektor?\u201d vi\u00f0tal vi\u00f0 Moira von Wright \u00ed Forskning og Framsteg<\/em> 4. ma\u00ed 2010, http:\/\/fof.se\/tidning\/2010\/4\/vetenskapskritisk-rektor<\/a> s\u00f3tt 11. ma\u00ed 2014.<\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0horfsk\u00f6nnun me\u00f0al starfsmanna Reykjav\u00edkurborgar 2011<\/em> (2012): Mannau\u00f0sskrifstofa Reykjav\u00edkurborgar.<\/p>\n

\u201eVi\u00f0tal vi\u00f0 \u00deorger\u00f0i Einarsd\u00f3ttur\u201d (2009): Myndskei\u00f0 \u00e1 Youtuber\u00e1s Ingvars \u00d3massonar https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=qL2ZwSA3_T8<\/a> \u00a0s\u00f3tt 11. ma\u00ed 2014.<\/p>\n

Weitzer, Ronald (2005): \u201cFlawed Theory and Method in Studies of Prostitution.\u201d \u00a0Violence Against Women<\/em>, Vol. 11 No. 7, 2005:934-949.<\/p>\n

Wright, Moira von (1998): Genus och text: N\u00e4r kan man tala om j\u00e4mst\u00e4lldhet i fysikl\u00e4romedel?<\/em> Projektet J\u00e4mst\u00e4lldhet i l\u00e4romedel.<\/p>\n

\u00deorger\u00f0ur Einarsd\u00f3ttir og Gy\u00f0a Margr\u00e9t P\u00e9tursd\u00f3ttir (2010): \u201eSk\u00e1l fyrir genunum, peningunum og framt\u00ed\u00f0inni<\/em>\u201d. Kynjagreining \u00e1 sk\u00fdrslu Ranns\u00f3knarnefndar Al\u00feingis. Opinn fyrirlestur \u00ed \u00d6skju 21. september 2010.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00deessi grein birtist \u00ed t\u00edmaritinu\u00a0\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0m\u00e1lum\u00a0sem kom \u00fat n\u00fana \u00ed j\u00fan\u00ed. 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