{"id":5114,"date":"2012-11-03T12:30:00","date_gmt":"2012-11-03T12:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.norn.is\/eva\/?p=5114"},"modified":"2021-06-20T12:47:42","modified_gmt":"2021-06-20T12:47:42","slug":"syn-kynungabokar-a-kynbundid-ofbeldi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.norn.is\/eva\/2012\/11\/03\/syn-kynungabokar-a-kynbundid-ofbeldi\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00fdn Kynungab\u00f3kar \u00e1 kynbundi\u00f0 ofbeldi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ungli\u00f0ahreyfing VG vill kennivaldi\u00f0 inn \u00ed sk\u00f3lana<\/a>. R\u00e9ttl\u00e6tingin er s\u00fa a\u00f0 vi\u00f0horfskannanir s\u00fdni a\u00f0 h\u00e6rra hlutfall unglinga hafi \u00edhaldssamar hugmyndir um kynhlutverk n\u00fa en fyrir 20 \u00e1rum. Hvernig unga f\u00f3lki\u00f0 \u00ed vg f\u00e6r \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fat a\u00f0 feministatr\u00fabo\u00f0 muni breyta \u00fev\u00ed er vands\u00e9\u00f0. Aldrei hefur feminisk umr\u00e6\u00f0a veri\u00f0 meira \u00e1berandi en \u00e1 \u00feessum 20 \u00e1rum og \u00fe\u00f3 hefur \u00feetta bakslag or\u00f0i\u00f0; \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega ekkert sem bendir til \u00feess a\u00f0 kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0ikennsla hafi til\u00e6tlu\u00f0 \u00e1hrif.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meira m\u00e1li skiptir \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 me\u00f0 s\u00f6mu r\u00f6kum m\u00e6tti segja a\u00f0 \u00fear sem einelti hafi aukist s\u00e9 r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 lofa kirkjunni a\u00f0 predika k\u00e6rleika Krists yfir b\u00f6rnunum e\u00f0a a\u00f0 \u00fear sem \u00feeim hafi f\u00e6kka\u00f0 sem \u00e1l\u00edti mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 eiga f\u00e9 \u00ed banka, s\u00e9 nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta Hannes H\u00f3lmstein kenna \u201efrj\u00e1lshyggjufr\u00e6\u00f0i\u201c \u00ed grunnsk\u00f3lum. Kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0i er nefnilega p\u00f3lit\u00edsk hugmyndafr\u00e6\u00f0i og \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegt yfirbrag\u00f0 \u00e1 n\u00e1msefni\u00f0 \u00a0Kynungab\u00f3k<\/a>\u00a0meira skylt vi\u00f0 tr\u00fabo\u00f0 en fr\u00e6\u00f0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cd dag \u00e6tla \u00e9g a\u00f0 fjalla um s\u00fdn Kynungab\u00f3kar \u00e1 kynbundi\u00f0 ofbeldi. Athygli vekur a\u00f0 \u00f3l\u00edkt \u00f6\u00f0rum k\u00f6flum b\u00f3karinnar er \u00feessi kafli svartur \u00ed b\u00f3kstaflegri merkingu, hv\u00edtt letur \u00e1 sv\u00f6rtum grunni. Sj\u00e1lfsagt er talin \u00fe\u00f6rf \u00e1 a\u00f0 dramat\u00edsera ofbeldi gegn konum \u00ed samf\u00e9lagi \u00fear sem varla l\u00ed\u00f0ur dagur \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 netmi\u00f0larnir kl\u00e6mist \u00e1 reynslus\u00f6gum af nau\u00f0gunum og \u00f6\u00f0ru ofbeldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kl\u00e1m sem kynbundi\u00f0 ofbeldi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Svarti kaflinn hefst \u00e1 endurskilgreiningu \u00e1 kynbundnu ofbeldi, n\u00fa er or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u201eofbeldi\u201c fari\u00f0 a\u00f0 n\u00e1 yfir kynl\u00edfs\u00fej\u00f3nustu og kl\u00e1m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hugtaki\u00f0 kynbundi\u00f0 ofbeldi er nota\u00f0 um ofbeldi sem karlar beita konur svo sem nau\u00f0ganir, mansal, v\u00e6ndi, ofbeldi \u00ed n\u00e1num samb\u00f6ndum, kynfer\u00f0islega \u00e1reitni og kl\u00e1m.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Taki\u00f0 hinni postullegu kve\u00f0ju. Kl\u00e1m er ofbeldi. Samkv\u00e6mt \u00fev\u00ed er kona sem ver\u00f0ur fyrir hrottalegri nau\u00f0gun komin \u00ed sama flokk brota\u00feola og s\u00fa sem les Fifty Shades of Grey<\/em> enda margir sem \u00e1l\u00edta a\u00f0 s\u00fa b\u00f3k s\u00e9 ni\u00f0url\u00e6gjandi fyrir konur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dea\u00f0 eru ekki bara h\u00f6fundar Kynungab\u00f3kar sem hafa teki\u00f0 upp \u00feessa endurskilgreiningu \u00e1 kynbundnu ofbeldi; n\u00e6rbuxnafeminisminn er l\u00edka r\u00edkjandi hj\u00e1 Mannr\u00e9ttindaskrifstofu Reykjav\u00edkurborgar sem snemma \u00e1 \u00e1rinu f\u00f3r \u00ed allsherjar\u00e1tak gegn meintri\u00a0kl\u00e1mv\u00e6\u00f0ingu \u00e1 vinnust\u00f6\u00f0um Reykjav\u00edkurborgar<\/a>. \u00cd fyrstu \u00e1tti titillinn \u00e1 b\u00e6klingnum a\u00f0 vera \u201eKl\u00e1mv\u00e6\u00f0ing er kynfer\u00f0islegt ofbeldi<\/a>\u201c en hann var milda\u00f0ur og endanlega \u00fatg\u00e1fan var\u00f0 \u201e\u00e1reitni\u201c \u00ed sta\u00f0 ofbeldis. \u00de\u00f6rfin \u00e1 \u00feessum b\u00e6klingi \u00fe\u00f3tti v\u00edst br\u00fdn enda segjast 2-3 af hverjum 1000 starfsm\u00f6nnum einhvernt\u00edma hafa or\u00f0i\u00f0 fyrir kynfer\u00f0islegri \u00e1reitni af einhverju tagi \u00e1 vinnusta\u00f0. Sk\u00f6mmu s\u00ed\u00f0ar kom \u00ed lj\u00f3s a\u00f0 jafnvel \u00e1 st\u00e6rsta vinnusta\u00f0 borgarinnar Landsp\u00edtalanum er kynfer\u00f0isleg \u00e1reitni\u00a0n\u00e6sta sjaldg\u00e6f<\/a>\u00a0og helst a\u00f0 starfsf\u00f3lk ver\u00f0i fyrir sl\u00edku af h\u00e1lfu sj\u00faklinga. Mannr\u00e9ttindafr\u00f6mu\u00f0irnir \u00e6tla kannski a\u00f0 berjast gegn ge\u00f0veiki og elligl\u00f6pum me\u00f0 kl\u00e1mpredikunum yfir sk\u00f3lab\u00f6rnum?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d3noth\u00e6f t\u00f6lfr\u00e6\u00f0i sem n\u00e1msefni<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Auk endurskilgreiningar \u00e1 kynbundu ofbeldi er s\u00fa t\u00f6lfr\u00e6\u00f0i sem notu\u00f0 er til a\u00f0 kynna umfang vandam\u00e1lsins, st\u00f3r galli \u00e1 svarta kafla Kynungab\u00f3kar. Fullyrt er a\u00f0 kynl\u00edfs\u00fej\u00f3nusta og mansal hafi aukist enda \u00fe\u00f3tt engar \u00e1byggilegar t\u00f6lur s\u00e9u til um umfang \u00feessarra m\u00e1la fyrr og n\u00fa. Vitna\u00f0 er \u00ed t\u00f6lur fr\u00e1 St\u00edgam\u00f3tum og Kvennaathvarfinu um t\u00ed\u00f0ni ofbeldis en \u00fe\u00e6r t\u00f6lur gefa engan veginn r\u00e9tta mynd af \u00e1standinu. Oft er um eldg\u00f6mul m\u00e1l a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a og s\u00f6mu m\u00e1lin geta komi\u00f0 inn \u00e1 bor\u00f0 til \u00feessara hreyfinga \u00e1r eftir \u00e1r, svo fj\u00f6ldi heims\u00f3kna segir n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega ekki neitt um \u00fea\u00f0 hversu margar konur hafa s\u00e6tt sl\u00edku ofbeldi. \u00c9g hef \u00e1\u00f0ur skrifa\u00f0 um\u00a0t\u00f6lfr\u00e6\u00f0i St\u00edgam\u00f3ta<\/a>\u00a0og almennar\u00a0\u00fdkjutilhneigingar var\u00f0andi ofbeldi gagnvart konum<\/a>\u00a0svo \u00e9g \u00e6tla ekki a\u00f0 ey\u00f0a meira p\u00fa\u00f0ri \u00ed \u00feann \u00fe\u00e1tt h\u00e9r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cd svarta kaflanum er ennfremur fullyrt a\u00f0 n\u00fd ranns\u00f3kn lei\u00f0i \u00ed lj\u00f3s a\u00f0 fj\u00f3r\u00f0a hver kona ver\u00f0i fyrir ofbeldi \u00ed n\u00e1nu sambandi (\u00e1 bls 34-35). \u00dear sem enga tilv\u00edsun er a\u00f0 finna e\u00f0a neinar uppl\u00fdsingar um heimildina, er erfitt a\u00f0 leggja mat \u00e1 \u00feessa sta\u00f0h\u00e6fingu. \u00d3l\u00edklegt er \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00fear hafi kl\u00e1m veri\u00f0 skilgreint sem ofbeldi. \u00c1hugavert v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 t\u00f6lurnar ef sameiginleg kl\u00e1mneysla para v\u00e6ri skilgreind sem ofbeldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samkv\u00e6mt skilgreiningu Kynungab\u00f3kar \u00e1 kynbundnu ofbeldi eru allar konur f\u00f3rnarl\u00f6mb, anna\u00f0 hvort \u00ed n\u00e1num samb\u00f6ndum e\u00f0a utan \u00feeirra, \u00fear sem vi\u00f0 komumst ekki hj\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a varar vi\u00f0 efni sem feministar flokka sem kl\u00e1m, svosem \u00f6skudagsb\u00faninga<\/a> og leg\u00f3f\u00edg\u00farur. \u00d3sk\u00f6p finnst m\u00e9r kaldh\u00e6\u00f0nislegt a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem mest tala um normaliseringu ofbeldis skuli sj\u00e1lfir standa fyrir hv\u00edl\u00edkri normaliseringu \u00e1 hugmyndinni um \u00feolendur ofbeldis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ef kl\u00e1m er ofbeldi \u00fe\u00e1 eru n\u00e1nast allir str\u00e1kar ofbeldismenn<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Athyglisvert er a\u00f0 bera fullyr\u00f0ingar n\u00e6rbuxnafeminista um \u00e1hrif kl\u00e1ms saman vi\u00f0 si\u00f0abo\u00f0skap fyrri alda. N\u00fa er \u00fev\u00ed haldi\u00f0 fram (\u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 nokkur hafi bent \u00e1 g\u00f6gn sem sty\u00f0ji \u00fe\u00e1 tilg\u00e1tu) a\u00f0 kynfer\u00f0isofbeldi s\u00e9 aflei\u00f0ing kl\u00e1mneyslu og a\u00f0 \u00e1hrif kl\u00e1ms \u00e1 unga menn s\u00e9u m.a. kvenfyrirlitning, vandi vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 mynda tilfinningatengsl og \u201eskert sj\u00e1lfsmynd\u201c (hva\u00f0 sem \u00fea\u00f0 n\u00fa merkir.) \u00c1 endanum ver\u00f0ur drengurinn svo kl\u00e1mf\u00edkninni a\u00f0 br\u00e1\u00f0 me\u00f0 tilheyrandi sk\u00f6mm og f\u00e9lagslegri einangrun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hugmyndir kvenhyggjusinna um \u00f3gnv\u00e6nlegar aflei\u00f0ingar kl\u00e1msins eiga s\u00e9r skemmtilega hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0u \u00ed hugmyndum fyrri alda um sj\u00e1lfsfr\u00f3un.\u00a0\u00cd umfj\u00f6llun um hinn \u201esk\u00e6\u00f0a l\u00f6st\u201c fr\u00e1 1920<\/a>\u00a0er sunginn sami s\u00f6ngurinn um sk\u00f6mm og sj\u00e1lfvir\u00f0ingarleysi og s\u00e1 sem n\u00fa er kve\u00f0inn um kl\u00e1mf\u00edknina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Myndirnar h\u00e9r til vinstri s\u00fdna sj\u00e1lfsflekkunarforv\u00f6rn fr\u00e1 19. \u00f6ld; \u00fe\u00e1 var tali\u00f0 nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 sker\u00f0a a\u00f0gengi ungra manna a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfs\u00fe\u00e6gingu en n\u00fa \u00fearf a\u00f0 takmarka a\u00f0gang \u00feeirra a\u00f0 kl\u00e1mi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cd j\u00e1tningab\u00f3k sinni talar Jean Jacques Rousseau, einn af helstu fork\u00f3lfum Uppl\u00fdsingarinnar, um sj\u00e1lfsfr\u00f3un sem skelfilegan l\u00f6st sem \u00fdti undir kynfer\u00f0islega \u00f3ra. Kynl\u00edfsfantas\u00edur eru  a\u00f0 hans mati \u201ehugr\u00e6n nau\u00f0gun\u201c \u00fear sem \u00edmyndunarafli\u00f0 sem sj\u00e1lfsflekkunin kyndi undir geri draum\u00f3ramanninum f\u00e6rt a\u00f0 ser\u00f0a hva\u00f0a yngismey sem honum \u00fe\u00f3knast \u00e1n hennar sam\u00feykkis. \u00deessi hro\u00f0alega synd, sj\u00e1lfsfr\u00f3un, er svo \u00e1vanabindandi a\u00f0 ekkert nema dau\u00f0inn getur or\u00f0i\u00f0 unglingnum til bjargar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00fa afsta\u00f0a Rousseaus a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfsfr\u00f3un v\u00e6ri st\u00f3rh\u00e6ttuleg var ekkert n\u00fdn\u00e6mi. A\u00f0skiljanlegustu ge\u00f0r\u00e6nir og l\u00edkamlegir sj\u00fakd\u00f3mar hafa veri\u00f0 taldir aflei\u00f0ingar sj\u00e1lfsfr\u00f3unar og kyn\u00f3ra \u00a0\u00ed gegnum aldirnar<\/a>\u00a0og fyrir 2000 \u00e1rum tala\u00f0i\u00a0Jes\u00fas fr\u00e1 Nasaret um \u00fea\u00f0 sem synd a\u00f0 dr\u00fdgja h\u00f3r me\u00f0 konu \u201e\u00ed hjarta s\u00ednu\u201c. \u00dea\u00f0 var a\u00f0eins stigsmunur \u00e1 hugsun og gj\u00f6r\u00f0um, ekki e\u00f0lismunur. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fearf \u00fev\u00ed enga kl\u00e1mv\u00e6\u00f0ingu til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00e1lykta a\u00f0 allir str\u00e1kar s\u00e9u upprennandi ofbeldismenn, \u00fea\u00f0 er alveg n\u00f3g a\u00f0 \u00feeir g\u00e6li vi\u00f0 lost\u00fa\u00f0ugar hugsanir til \u00feess ver\u00f0a ge\u00f0veiki og ofbeldisf\u00fdsn a\u00f0 br\u00e1\u00f0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9g velti \u00fev\u00ed fyrir m\u00e9r hva\u00f0a \u00e1hrif \u00feessi endurskilgreining \u00e1 kl\u00e1mi sem ofbeldi, muni hafa til langs t\u00edma. Varla tr\u00faa menn \u00fev\u00ed almennt a\u00f0 drengir muni h\u00e6tta a\u00f0 s\u00e6kja \u00ed kynfer\u00f0islegt efni af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 kynjafr\u00e6\u00f0ikennarinn segi a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 lj\u00f3tt? Hafa h\u00f6fundar Kynungab\u00f3kar og a\u00f0rir skrattam\u00e1larar, sem eru n\u00fa ekki l\u00edti\u00f0 uppteknir af \u00e1hrifum or\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0unnar \u00e1 sj\u00e1lfsmynd unglinga, velt \u00fev\u00ed fyrir s\u00e9r hva\u00f0a \u00e1hrif \u00fea\u00f0 getur haft ef \u00feorri unglingspilta fer a\u00f0 l\u00edta \u00e1 kl\u00e1mneyslu og kynfer\u00f0islegar fantas\u00edur sem ofbeldi? Ef ma\u00f0ur er ofbeldisma\u00f0ur hvort sem er, hvar liggja \u00fe\u00e1 m\u00f6rkin milli \u00feess ofbeldis sem allir fremja og \u00feess sem ekki er r\u00e9ttl\u00e6tanlegt?<\/p>\n\n\n

<\/a>
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Feitabollufem\u00ednisma \u00ed sk\u00f3lana \u2013 um heilsufarskafla Kynungab\u00f3kar<\/div>
\u00deessi f\u00e6rsla tilheyrir pistlar\u00f6\u00f0 sem \u00a0fjallar um\u00a0Kennivald kvenhyggjunnar. Til \u00feess a\u00f0 draga fram \u00feau sj\u00f3narhorn \u00e1 jafnr\u00e9ttism\u00e1l sem feministar eru a\u00f0 reyna a\u00f0 innlei\u00f0a \u00ed sk\u00f3lakerfi\u00f0, er tilvali\u00f0 a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a\u00a0Kynungab\u00f3k, kennslub\u00f3k fyrir unglinga skrifa\u00f0a \u00e1 forsendum feminisma og m\u00f3tunarhyggju. \u00cd fyrstu k\u00f6flum Kynungab\u00f3kar vantar sj\u00f3narhorn karla. \u00cd Fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lakaflanum h\u00f3fst f\u00f3rnarlambsfemnisminn \u00e1 loft og hann heldur […]<\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ungli\u00f0ahreyfing VG vill kennivaldi\u00f0 inn \u00ed sk\u00f3lana. R\u00e9ttl\u00e6tingin er s\u00fa a\u00f0 vi\u00f0horfskannanir s\u00fdni a\u00f0 h\u00e6rra hlutfall unglinga hafi \u00edhaldssamar hugmyndir um kynhlutverk n\u00fa en fyrir 20 \u00e1rum. Hvernig unga f\u00f3lki\u00f0 \u00ed vg f\u00e6r \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fat a\u00f0 feministatr\u00fabo\u00f0 muni breyta \u00fev\u00ed er vands\u00e9\u00f0. Aldrei hefur feminisk umr\u00e6\u00f0a veri\u00f0 meira \u00e1berandi en \u00e1 \u00feessum 20 \u00e1rum og […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":5119,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[897,5],"tags":[898],"class_list":["post-5114","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kennivald-kvenhyggjunnar","category-kyn-klam","tag-skirlifi","et-has-post-format-content","et_post_format-et-post-format-standard"],"yoast_head":"\nS\u00fdn Kynungab\u00f3kar \u00e1 kynbundi\u00f0 ofbeldi - Eva Hauksd\u00f3ttir<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.norn.is\/eva\/2012\/11\/03\/syn-kynungabokar-a-kynbundid-ofbeldi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"is_IS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"S\u00fdn Kynungab\u00f3kar \u00e1 kynbundi\u00f0 ofbeldi - Eva Hauksd\u00f3ttir\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ungli\u00f0ahreyfing VG vill kennivaldi\u00f0 inn \u00ed sk\u00f3lana. R\u00e9ttl\u00e6tingin er s\u00fa a\u00f0 vi\u00f0horfskannanir s\u00fdni a\u00f0 h\u00e6rra hlutfall unglinga hafi \u00edhaldssamar hugmyndir um kynhlutverk n\u00fa en fyrir 20 \u00e1rum. Hvernig unga f\u00f3lki\u00f0 \u00ed vg f\u00e6r \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fat a\u00f0 feministatr\u00fabo\u00f0 muni breyta \u00fev\u00ed er vands\u00e9\u00f0. 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